Unit One   Famous University (Post-reading)

1. N[n.] members of a nation by a person, especially when abroad.
2. A[v.] give, especially as the result of an official decision.
3. P [v.] continue steadily with.
4. R[n.] the condition or quality of being responsible.
5. U[n.] a student who is doing university course for a first degree.
6. A[n.] achievement.
7. C[v.] give up.
8. R[v.] begin again after a pause.

1. All her children are clever, but the youngest daughter is really .
2. He was a gold cup in acknowledgement of his creative achievements for the development of the company.
3. The bus driver is for the passengers’ safety.
4. It is universally that dogs have an acute sense of smell.
5. Have they decided on the of the new building yet?

1. Don’t let the child play with scissors _________ he cuts himself.
A、in case     B、now that     C、so that     D、only if
2. _________ evidence that language acquiring ability must be stimulated.
A、If being     B、It is     C、There is     D、There being
3. When there are small children around, it is necessary to put bottles of bills out of_________.
A、reach     B、hand     C、hold     D、place
4. Extensive reporting on television has helped to generate interest in a wide_________ of sports and activities.
A、category     B、variety     C、catalog     D、field
5. Goverment report, examination compositions, legal documents and most business letters are the main situations__________ formal language is used.
A、in which     B、at that     C、on which     D、in that
6. The development of industry must not be ________ at the expense of environment pollution.
A、pursued     B、resumed     C、sought     D、completed
7.  _________ our sales forecasts we may begin to make a profit next year.
A、On the basis of     B、Owing to     C、With regard to     D、Concerning
8. She accepted the contract with the ________ that it would be revised after a year.
A、provision     B、requirement     C、criteria     D、demand
9. If you don’t ________ the children properly, Mr Smith, they will just run riot.
A、 mobilize     B、warrant     C、manipulate     D、supervise
10. There had been unrest in the country ________ until the UN peacekeeping force came in and restored order.
A、at liberty     B、at large     C、at a distance     D、at will

The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: store in the refrigerator.

In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher (肉商), the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus (剩余的) bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country.

The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast way of well-tried techniques already existed-natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling…What refrigeration did promote was marketing-marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.

Consequently, most of the world 's fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house-while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.

The fridge's effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you don 't believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburger (汉堡包), but at least you'll get rid of that terrible hum.

1. The Statement "In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily." (Line 1, Para. 2) suggests that ______.
A)the author was well-fed and healthy even without a fridge in his fifties.
B)the author was not accustomed to use fridges even in his fifties.
C) the fridge was in its early stage of development in the 1950s.
D) there was no fridge in the author's home in the 1950s.
2.why does the author say that nothing was wasted before the invention of fridges?
A) People would not buy more food than was necessary.
B) Food was delivered to people two or three times a week.
C) People had effective ways to preserve their food.
D) Food was sold fresh and did not get rotten easily.
3.Who benefited the least from fridges according to the author?
A) Inventors.
B) Manufacturers.
C) Consumers.
D) Traveling salesmen.
4.Which of the following phrases in the fifth paragraph indicates the fridge's negative effect on the environment?
A) "With mild temperatures"
B) "Climatically almost unnecessary"
C) "Artificially-cooled space"
D) "Hum away continuously"
5.What is the author's overall attitude toward fridges?
A) Critical.
B) Neutral.
C) Objective.
D) Compromising.

The advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists. It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited. To feed a large population, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively. Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower average income, than could be obtained with a smaller population. Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them.

One of the difficulties in carrying out a world-wide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, it will be the first concern of government to place a limit on the birthrate, -whatever the consequences may be. In a highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birthrate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a Slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable or in decline.

1. What may a small population may mean?

2. According to the passage, what will a large population provide?

3. What will happen to the people in a developed country if the birthrate goes up?

4. What can you infer from the last sentence?

5. Why is it no easy job to carry out a general plan for birth control throughout the world?

1. Students choose which lectures to attend on the basis of their own special interests and on the advice of their tutors.

2. Students should check carefully that they are eligible to apply for a particular scholarship before making an application, as most of the schemes are restricted to certain nationality and/or programs.

3. In support of this aim the university will provide the facilities and support for its staff to pursue innovative research by responding to developments in the intellectual environment and society at large.

4. But it is your generation—more so than mine or your parents’ – that will face the challenge of building a world in which such inhuman act never again occur.

5. All that we can do is to place the opportunity within your reach; it rest with you to grasp and improve them.

1.她持续不断地学了5年英语。

2.过失的责任在我们每个人身上。

3.这两个建议截然不同。

4.我们可以看到，只要有工作，大学生们什么都愿意干。

5.我总感觉长得老相，更像个祖父而不像个父亲。